Machine for kneading, crushing, and similar operations



March 11, 1930. fz E 1,750,558

'MAGHINE FOR KNEADING, CRUSHING, AND SIMILAR OPERATIONS Filed Oct. 2,1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 11, 1930.

B. ZETTERGREN 1,750,558

MACHINE FOR KNEADING, CRUSHING, AND SIMILAR OPERATIONS Filed 001;. 2,192a 4 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 11, 1930 UNITED STATES BIRGERZETTERGREN, 0F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN MACHINE FOR KNEADING, GRUSHING, ANDSIMILAR OIERATIONS Application filed October 2, 1928, Serial No.

This invention relates to a machine by means of which kneading,crushing, mixing and similar operations may be performed in a simple andtime saving way.

More particularly, the invention relates to that kind of such machineswhich comprises a rotary receptacle to receive the material to betreated, and one or more rollers yieldingly pressed against the insidewall of said receptacle which upon the rotation of the receptacle is orare caused to rotate due to frictional engagement with said wall or withthe material under treatment.

One object of the invention is to provide a machine of the said kindwhich permits an automatic emptying operation, even in case of materialwhich must be positively scraped out, as dough and the like. I

One feature of the invention consists in that the axis of the rotaryreceptacle is horizontal or substantially horizontal.

In the accompanying drawings one em bodiment of the invention isillustrated. Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the machine.Fig. 2 is a similar section of the receptacle of the machine with thecover thereof shown in closed state. Fig. 3 is a similar section withthe cover shown in opened state. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section onthe line A-A in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a similar section on the line 13-13 inFig. 1.

With reference to the drawings, the nu" meral 1 indicates a drum likereceptacle which is rigidly secured to two ball bearings 106, 107mounted on horizontal shafts 104, 105. Said shafts 104, which aresituated centrally relatively to the drum are mounted in bearings 108,109 and project with their ends facing each other through openingsformed in the side walls of the drum. Inside the drum said shaft endsare rigidly con nected to arms 110, 111 connected together at theirouter ends by the shaft or spindle 112. Rotatably mounted on the shaft112 is a sleeve 113, connected at its ends to crank arms 114, 1 15'.Said arms carry 'at their other ends a shaft 116 on which the roller1-17 is rotatably mounted. The shafts 112, Home both parallel to theshafts 104, 105. Surrounding the shaft 112 within the sleeve 113 is a309,751, and in Sweden December 23, 1927.

spring 118 tending to rotate the sleeve 113 so as yieldingly to maintainthe roller 117 in engagement with the inside of the drum 1. The roller117 as well as the drum may preferably, but not necessarily, be flutedor provided with cooperating teeth.

The receptacle 1 is divided along a plane parallel to the direction ofthe shafts 104, 105 so as to form a cover 119. Said cover is hinged at120 and both the receptacle proper and its cover are provided withcooperating sealing flanges 121, 122, one or both of which may be linedwith some appropriate packing material. A tight closing of the cover maybe obtained by means of screw bolts, clamping straps, or the like.

The shaft 112 carrying the supporting arms 114, 115 of the roller 117 isadapted to be adjusted vertically to any level desired within thereceptacle 1. This may be effected by rigidly connecting its supportingarms 110, 111 to the shafts 104, 105 and making said shafts rotatableand capable of being locked in any position desired.

The rotation of the shafts 104 and 105 may be effected by transmissionof power from the motor shaft 123. This shaft carries a slidable, doubleclutch cone 124, 125, which is prevented from rotation relatively to theshaft. Said double cone-may be brought into and out of engagement withone orthe other of two corresponding conical shells 127, 128,respectively. The clutch cone 127 is rigidly connected by its hub 129 toa pinion 130 cu.- gagi ng in a toothed wheel 131 keyed to the hub 103.The clutch cone 128 is rigidly con.- nected to a pinion 132 which isrotatably mounted onthe shaft 123 which meshes in an idle toothed wheel132 in turn meshing in a toothed wheel 133 keyed to the shaft 105'. Saidshaft 105 further carries a slidable clutch cone 134 which is normallykept in en.- gagementwith a corresponding conical recess in the bearing109 under the action of the spring 150 and which may be releasedtherefrom by means of the control lever 126. Said control lever 126which is thus common to all of the clutch cones 124, 125, and1'34,carries a pawl 135 to mesh in. a ratchet segment 136.

With the control lever in the position 1 shown in Fig. 1, that is, withcone 124 engaging in cone 127 and cone 134 engaging in the conicalrecess of the bearing 109 power will be transmitted from shaft 123through gearing 130, 131 to the hub 103 and from thence to therecepeacle 1 which is thereby caused to rotate. The engagement of thecone 134 in the bearing will lock the shaft 105 together with arm 111,shaft 112, arm 110, and shaft 104 in the momentary position of saidelements. During the rotation of the receptacle the roller 117, as aresult, will be held at the same position within the receptacle. Due tothe gear of the teeth of the roller with those of the receptacle theroller is caused to rotate around its own axis 116 thereby to effect thedesired treatment of the material contained in the receptacle.

If it is desired to change the position of the roller 117 inside thereceptacle the control lever 126 should be shifted to the right, Fig. 1,so as to release the engagement of the cones 124 and 134 and cause thecone 125 to engage the cone 128. The rotation of the receptacle 1ceasing, power being now transmitted from motor shaft 123 by way of thetransmission gear 132, 133 to shaft 105. After the position of theroller desired is reached, the control lever is again restored to itsleft hand position. Fig. 1.

At the said first-mentioned shifting of the control lever 126 to theright, said lever, by means of the spring 137, acts on a pawl 138,causing it to engage teeth 139 formed on the clutch cone 127 to lock thelatter against rotation which in turn prevents the receptacle fromrotation. Said locking is of importance at the emptying of thereceptacle. hen emptying is to take place the transmission of power toth receptacle is cut off when the discharge opening is in a suitableposition, as will appear from Fig. 3. It is now of importance to causethe rotation of the receptacle to cease immediately upon theinterruption of the power transmission. After the receptacle has beenstopped and locked in the position desired the cover is opened, as willappear from Fig. 3 and maintained in opened position by the hand or byany suitable mechanism, The control lever 126 is then shifted further tothe right to throw the cone 125 into engagement causing power to beimparted to the shaft 105. If, as an example, the receptacle has rotatedin the direction of the arrow in Fig. 12, and the roller during therotation of the receptacle has reached the position shown in F ig. 2,the roller will be moved in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 3,as soon as the shaft 105 is started. In this movement a scraper 140carried by the sleeve 113 will slide along tl e inside wall of thereceptacle so as to discharge the content of the receptacle through theopening. In order to prevent the roller from swinging too far outwardswhen passing the opening, the arms 110, 114 and 111, 115, respectively,are provided with cooperating stops 141, 142.

The material discharged may be received by a trough or the like placedbelow the re ceptacle.

To carry off steam that may be produced within the receptacle the shaft104 is made hollow and provided with a non-return valve 143.

In the embodiment last described the roller 117 and the receptacle 1 areformed with cooperating teeth. It is to be noted that they may, ofcourse, be smooth or fluted.

It is further to be noted that two or more rollers may be providedwithin one and the same receptacle.

What I claim is 1. A machine of the character described comprising arotatable drum having a cylindrical peripheral wall and two verticalside walls, said cylindrical wall being provided with a port and aclosure therefor to allow introduction and removal of the material to betreated or having been treated in the drum, a roller within said drumextending Substantially along the entire axial length of the drum, twohorizontal shafts, each extending through an individual one of the sidewalls of the drum, means secured to said shafts to carry a spindlewithin said drum eccentrically with respect to the axis of the drum soas to allow it to move in a circular path parallel to the peripheralwall of the drum due to relative rotation of the shafts and the drum,and a pair of arms loosely mounted on said spindle to carry said roller.

2. A machine of the character described comprising a rotatable drumhaving a cylindrical peripheral wall and two vertical side walls, saidcylindrical wall being provided with a port and a closure therefor toallow introduction and removal of the material to be treated or havingbeen treated in the drum, a roller within said drum extendingsubstantially along the entire axial length of the drum, two horizontalshafts, each extending through an individual one of the side Walls ofthe drum, means secured to said shafts to carry a spindle within saiddrum eccentrically with respect to the axis of the drum so as to allowit to move in a circular path parallel to the peripheral wall of thedrum due to relative rotation of the shafts and the drum, a pair of armsloosely mounted on said spindle to carry said roller, a spring carriedby said spindle to act on said arms to cause them to press the rollersagainst the peripheral surface of the drum, and a protecting cover forsaid spring.

3. A machine of the character described comprising a rotatable drumhaving a cylindrical peripheral wall and two vertical side walls, saidcylindrical wall being provided with a port and a closure therefor toallow introduction and removal of the material to be treated or havingbeen treated in the drum, a roller within said drum extendingsubstantially along the entire axial length of the drum, two horizontalshafts, each extending through an individual one ofthe side walls of thedrum, means secured to said shafts to carry a spindle within said drumeccentri cally with respect to the axis of the drum so as to allow it tomove in a circular path parallel to the peripheral wall of the drum dueto relative rotation of the shafts and the drum, a closed sleeve looselymounted on said spindle, a pair of arms secured to said sleeve to carrysaid roller, a scraper secured to said sleeve, a coiled spring supportedby said spindle within said sleeve to be protected thereby, said springbeing connected to the spindle and the hub in such a way as to cause thearms to press the rollers against the peripheral wall of the drum.

4. A machine of the character described comprising a rotatable drumhaving a cylindrical peripheral wall and two vertical side walls, saidcylindrical wall being provided with a port and a closure therefor toallow introduction and removal of the material to be treated or havingbeen treated in the drum, a roller in said drum extending substantiallyalong the entire axial length of the drum, two horizontal shafts, eachextending through an individual one of the side walls of the drum, meanssecured to said shafts to carry a spindle within said drum eccentricallywith respect to the axis of the drum so as to allow it to move in acircular path parallel to the peripheral wall of the drum due torelative rotation of the shafts and the drum, a pair of arms looselymounted on said spindle to carry said roller, a spring earned by saidspindle to cause said arms to press the roller against the peripheralwall of the drum, a protecting cover for said spring, a single drivingshaft, and independent means to transmit power from said driving shaftto said shafts and said drum to rotate in opposite directions.

5. A machine of the character described comprising a rotatable drumhavinga cylindrical peripheral wall and two vertical side walls, saidcylindrical wall being provided with a port and a closure therefor toallow introduction and removal of the material to be treated or havingbeen treated in the drum, a roller in said drum extending substantiallyalong the entire axial length of the drum, two horizontal shafts, eachextending through an individual one of the side walls of the drum, meanssecured to said shafts to carry a spindle within said drum eccentricallywith respect to the axis of the drum so as to allow it to move in acircular path parallel to the peripheral wall of the drum due torelative relation of the shafts and the drum, a pair of arms looselymounted on said spindle to carry said roller, a spring carried by saidspindle to cause said arms to press the roller against the peripheralwall of the drum, a protecting cover for said spring, a single drivingshaft, independent power transmission means between said driving shaftand said horizontal shafts and drum, and a shiftable clutch mechanism tothrow one of said independent power transmission means into operation ata time.

6. A machine of the character described comprising a rotatable drumhaving a cylindrical peripheral wall and two vertical side walls, saidcylindrical wall being provided with a port and a closure therefor toallow introduction and removal of the material to be treated or havingbeen treated in the drum, a roller in said drum extending substantiallyalong the entire axial length of the drum, two horizontal shafts, eachextending through an individual one of the side walls, of the drum,means secured to said shafts to carry a spindle within said drumeccentrically with respect to the axis of the drum so as to allow it tomove in a circular path parallel to the peripheral wall of the drum dueto relative rotation of the shafts and the drum, a pair of arms looselymounted on said spindle to carry said roller, a spring carried by saidspindle to cause said arms to press the roller against the peripheralwall of the drum, a protecting cover for said spring, a single drivingshaft, independent power transmission means between said driving shaftand said horizontal shafts and drum, a shiftable clutch mechanism toallow power transmission to one of said driven elements only at a time,and means to positively lock the other driven element against rotation.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name.

BIRGER ZETTERGREN.

